Brief visit from polar vortex to bring record-challenging cold to Northeast
A shift in the polar vortex will allow Old Man Winter to deliver some of the coldest air of the season so far to parts of the northeastern United States from through Saturday, AccuWeather forecasters say. The extreme cold coming directly from the Arctic will produce extraordinary AccuWeather RealFeel® Temperatures and challenge several long-standing record-low temperatures.
The polar vortex, which is a storm at the jet stream level of the atmosphere, has kept frigid air pent up above the Arctic Circle for much of the winter. When the polar vortex remains strong as it has been, frigid air cannot escape the Arctic. However, in recent days the polar vortex has weakened and stretched just enough to allow the bitterly cold air to move southward across North America.
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"This time, a small, fast-moving lobe of the polar vortex will dive into southeastern Canada and brush the northeastern U.S. from Friday to Saturday," AccuWeather Chief On-Air Meteorologist Bernie Rayno said.
Temperatures will take the plunge in the wake of the Arctic cold front.
As the Arctic air sweept southeastward across the region on Friday, temperatures held steady or slowly fell all day in some locations. Temperatures by mid-to-late afternoon were several degrees lower than the start of the day, especially across New England and in parts of the central Appalachians.
Winds will average 15-25 mph with gusts approaching 40 mph over the central Appalachians and the mid-Atlantic into Friday evening. Stronger winds, with gusts between 40 and 60 mph, are likely in New England into Saturday morning.
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The frigid air rapidly took hold as soon as the sun went down Friday evening and sent temperatures plummeting even further. Gusty winds associated with the Arctic air will result in substantially lower AccuWeather RealFeel® Temperatures.
RealFeel temperatures are projected to range between 40 and 60 below zero where most people live from northern New York state through New England Friday night. In locations at the top of the mountains, such as ski resorts, RealFeel temperatures could dip to near 70 below zero. At the top of Mount Washington in New Hampshire, the weather observatory may experience staggering RealFeel readings anywhere from 80 to 110 below zero. The observatory is 6,267 feet above sea level.
"Boston is in the running to set a top-five low-temperature mark Saturday morning when the core of the Arctic air will settle over New England," AccuWeather Senior Weather Editor and Meteorologist Jesse Ferrell said. "Should the temperature bottom out near 10 below zero as data suggests, it will be the fourth coldest morning on record since 1936." The lowest temperature ever recorded at Boston Logan International Airport was 14 below zero on Feb. 15, 1943.
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This looming blast of Arctic air will be the coldest air of the season so far for northern New York and New England and could rival low-temperature marks set during the Christmastime outbreak in the mid-Atlantic.
"It appears that the coldest thrust of air with this outbreak will be aimed at New England with the mid-Atlantic region only in for a glancing blow," Rayno said.
Although temperatures won't be as low as in locations farther north, the teeth-chattering cold will still make its presence felt in the major cities along the Interstate 95 corridor. Temperatures in New York City will bottom out in the single digits Saturday morning, while Philadelphia and Washington, D.C., will plummet well into the teens.
Another impact from the brief Arctic outbreak that AccuWeather meteorologists will be closely watching for will be the formation of a narrow but intense band of snow known as a snow squall. This phenomenon, similar to how a thunderstorm moves alongside an advancing cool front, has the potential to suddenly send visibility levels to near zero, drop a quick coating of snow and create a sudden freeze-up.
In the past, similar snow squall activity has contributed to serious injuries and even fatalities due to multiple-vehicle pileups on area highways.
Despite the serious nature of the incoming outbreak of Arctic air, it won't have staying power.
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AccuWeather forecasters say temperatures will trend upward by the end of the weekend. The polar vortex lobe will pivot northward this weekend, and that will help to initiate an expansion of milder Pacific air already in place in the West.
Temperatures on Sunday will be 20-40 degrees higher in some areas compared to Saturday morning's frigid levels, according to AccuWeather Senior Meteorologist Tom Kines.
Boston will climb into the mid-40s by late Sunday, which is slightly above average for early February. In Philadelphia, after a Saturday morning low in the teens, temperatures will approach 48 on Sunday. The normal high in Philadelphia this time of year is in the low 40s.
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