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The best FDA-approved at-home COVID tests

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The best FDA-approved at-home COVID tests

With the newly dominant HV.1 strain of COVID-19 responsible for nearly one-third of cases in the US and the flu surging in at least seven states, it’s safe to say that flu season has arrived with a bang. Add in the fact that this is also the time of year we see a spike in respiratory diseases, like respiratory syncytial virus or RSV, and you have a trifecta of potentially debilitating illnesses poised to wreak havoc on winter 2024. Being that RSV and flu symptoms can closely mirror COVID symptoms – sore throat, fever or chills, fatigue, body aches and congestion – having an at-home COVID test on hand is an easy and cost-effective way to confirm if COVID is the culprit.

Quick Overview
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At present, the FDA lists over forty emergency-use approved at-home COVID tests on its website from over thirty different brands. Some tests are rapid at-home antigen tests that give results in as little as 10 minutes, while other at-home tests are polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests that require you to send the sample to the lab for screening. PCR tests have the highest accuracy rate at 95%, but some at-home antigen tests still boast up to an 89% accuracy rate. Above all, when shopping for an at-home COVID test, “It is important only to use FDA-authorized at-home COVID-19 tests,” says Dr. Minji Kang, an infectious disease specialist.

To help you find the best at-home COVID test for your needs, we consulted with our panel of experts, ranging from infectious disease specialists to family physicians, about what to look for in a good test and any factors that improve reliability. Using our experts’ input, we researched more than 42 FDA-approved at-home COVID tests, evaluating each on various criteria, such as ease of use, collection method, the age the test is approved for, cost and how long it takes to receive your test results. Here are our picks for the best at-home COVID tests.

Cost: $8 for a single test kit; $14 for a two-test kit; $32 for a five-test kit | Number of tests included: 1, 2 or 5 tests | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps To Results: 5 | Time to results: 15 minutes

The Flowflex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test is currently the only at-home COVID test cleared by the FDA’s premarket review pathway. That means this test is approved beyond just emergency use, but has instead passed rigorous testing and is approved and backed by the FDA's gold standards. Other tests on this list have FDA approval but as part of the emergency use authorization granted at the height of the pandemic. The test is easy to administer, with results ready in 15 minutes or less, and it's easy to read thanks to a solid red line that appears if you test positive. Another unique feature of the test is the box itself: there’s a perforated tube holder on the box, which makes the set-up and test collection process that much easier and mess-free; no need to worry about knocking over the solution or spilling the solution while holding and swirling the swab. We also like that you can choose the number of tests you want in a kit, ranging between one, two or five tests. It also has one of the longest shelf lives of the tests on this list at 24 months.

Pros
  • First and only at-home COVID test cleared for marketing by FDA
  • Inexpensive
  • Long 24-month shelf life
Cons
  • Not as accurate as a PCR test
$8 at Walmart
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$8 at Amazon$10 at CVS Pharmacy

Cost: $129 | Number of tests included: 1 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to Results: 6 | Time to results: 1-2 days after lab receipt

Even though the Pixel test by Labcorp is not a standard at-home rapid antigen test – you have to mail your sample to the lab for processing – we would not be doing our due diligence if we left such a robust and groundbreaking test off this list. Currently, Pixel is the only self-administered at-home test available over the counter that can simultaneously screen for influenza, RSV and COVID with one simple test. Anthony Ognjan, a board-certified osteopathic physician specializing in infectious diseases, tells AOL, “The new strains [of COVID] that are coming out are 10 to 20 times more contagious than the subsequent virus strains that [originally] devastated the world. They now affect the upper airways and no longer the lungs.” Being that COVID symptoms can mimic flu and RSV symptoms, self-diagnosing according to your symptoms could be incredibly dangerous. If you are highly susceptible to COVID, flu or RSV, this is likely the best test for you.

Pixel is only available through the Labcorp website and will be shipped directly to your home within 24-48 hours after ordering. Once the test arrives, you’ll self-administer the test and then drop the sample in the mail using the prepaid postage packaging. Your results will be delivered electronically within 1-2 days of lab receipt. It's definitely not ideal to have to wait for the test to arrive, so if you feel this is a test you will need, preordering to be proactive may be in your best interest.

Pros
  • Screens for COVID, Flu and RSV
  • The only OTC test to screen for all three illnesses
  • Screens for new emerging variants thanks to lab processing
Cons
  • Test specimen must be shipped to the lab for processing
$129 at Labcorp OnDemand

Cost: $24 | Number of tests included: 2 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Step to results: 4 | Time to results: 10 minutes

If patience is not one of your virtues, then the QuickVue at-home COVID test is for you. Each testing kit comes with two full tests — two swabs, two testing strips and two pre-filled solution vials. There’s also a tube holder to help prevent messy spills. Once you swab your nose, swirl it in the solution and then dip the paper testing strip into the tube. Within 10 minutes, you will have your test results.

We do want to note that the paper test strip is a bit flimsy which can create a somewhat messy process compared to the majority of other rapid tests that use plastic cards and swab sticks, so using the paper strip can be a bit harder to get used to.

Still, with results ready in just 10 minutes, taking an extra 30 seconds to read the test strip seems like a fair trade-off to us.

Pros
  • Test results ready in 10 minutes
  • FHA/HSA eligible
  • Mess-free tube holder included
Cons
  • Paper strip is not the easiest to work with
  • Pricey
$22 at Amazon
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$19 at CVS Pharmacy$24 at Carewell

Cost: $18 | Number of tests included: 2 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to Results: 3 | Time to results: 30 minutes

Most at-home COVID tests are fairly easy to administer, but when you’re feeling ill, even one extra step — mixing the solution or adding a certain number of drops to a test reader — can feel overwhelming and can allow for additional room for error. InteliSwab’s unique two-component design makes taking the test nearly foolproof, no matter how crappy you feel. Unlike any other test on our list, there are only three steps to the entire testing process, whereas others on this list require six or more steps, and have multiple components to keep up with. To take this test, all you need to do is swab both nostrils and then insert the swab stick into the solution tube attached to the test card. Results appear in 30 minutes or less. 

The only downfall is the test's nasal swab stick is large and flat, so it may be more uncomfortable than the long skinny swabs included with most tests, and the thirty-minute wait for results is almost double other at-home tests. Still, with only two components and no mixing, this test is a winner in our book! 

Pros
  • Easy to administer
  • Only three steps to the test
  • Inexpensive
Cons
  • Larger nasal swab compared to others tests
  • Takes 30 minutes to see results
$18 at Amazon
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$18 at Walmart

Cost: $8.50 | Number of tests included: 1 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to results: 5 | Time to results: 15 minutes

What sets this test apart from others on this list is the On/Go app-guided testing process. After purchasing the test, you can download the On/Go app (available on Apple and Android) for a hand-held guide through taking the test, including a detailed step-by-step video tutorial on the testing process. You'll know exactly what to do and how to read the results. But the guidance on taking the test doesn't end at the video, the app also provides a timer feature that alerts you once the test is ready to read. 

Once results are ready, you can read the test yourself or use the QR code located on the test card to allow the app to read and record the test results for you. Depending on your results, the app will let you know if you are either positive or negative for COVID and what your next steps should be. It will also share a list of resources to get more information about your results. The app will also recommend a retest if the one you're using is having a problem.

The On/Go test kit includes one test per box, but you can also purchase the tests in bulk for $80 for 12 test kits. In addition to our top pick, the Flowflex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test, the On/Go COVID-19 antigen home test was also approved by the FDA for a 24-month shelf life.

Pros
  • Results ready in 15 minutes
  • Easy-to-use app can help guide the process
  • Shelf-life of 24 months
Cons
  • Only one test per box
$8 at Amazon

Cost: $30 | Number of tests included: 8 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to results: 5 | Time to results: 15 minutes

If you have to regularly test yourself or loved ones for COVID, you likely already know buying one or two tests can be expensive. This is why we love the Boson Rapid Antigen Test, which comes with a whopping eight tests per pack for just $30 - that's $3.75 a test! Considering single test kits run about $8 a kit, the Boson test kit is an extremely cost-effective option. 

That said, we want to point out a couple of downfalls. Unlike most other rapid tests, with Boson’s, you’ll need to leave the swab in the solution for a full minute before adding the solution's drops to the test card. While that isn't a total deal-breaker, if you’re used to testing with other brands that don't require a minute soak in the solution, it’s easy to make a mistake here. It’s also important to note that the test is only approved for an 11-month shelf life. Again, it's not a deal-breaker, and if you test regularly, the short shelf life shouldn't be an issue. The good news is that the results are ready within 15 minutes and are super easy to read.

Pros
  • 8 tests per kit
  • Very inexpensive compared to other tests
  • Rapid results
Cons
  • Must follow the directions to leave the swab in the solution for 30 seconds
  • Only an 11month shelf life
$30 at Amazon

Cost: $20 for two tests; $30 for four tests; $70 for 10 tests | Number of tests included: 2, 4 or 10 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to results: 5 | Time to results: 15 minutes

BinaxNOW is not only widely available online and in major retailers across the country, it's also one of the test brands sent by the US government’s free COVID test initiative. The test is easy to administer and safe to use with children as young as 2 years old. That said, this test does require a few more steps than other tests on this list. For the most part, the steps are standard procedure, like adding an exact amount of drops to the test card, then a 15-second nasal swab of both nostrils, followed by a dip and swirl in the included solution before inserting the swab in the card, and finally folding the card in half and sealing it shut. It's a clunky process with multiple steps so it's important to be careful with this test, take your time and follow the instructions very closely so you can be sure to get accurate results.

Note: If you are a large family looking for the most cost-effective test, you may want to consider the Bonson test, which has eight tests for $30. The only drawback is that Bonson has the shortest shelf life of all the tests on our list at just 11 months.

Pros
  • Fast results
  • Option to buy test kits with 2, 4, or 10 tests
  • Widely available online and in-stores
Cons
  • Card reader can be cumbersome to work with
$16 at Amazon
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$20 at Walmart$19 at CVS Pharmacy

Cost: $18 | Number of tests included: 2 | Collection method: Nasal swab | Steps to results: 6 | Time to results: 15 minutes

The iHealth Antigen Rapid Test’s clear, detailed step-by-step photo instructions with accompanying written descriptions and video you can watch on the website make this test one of the easiest tests to administer, and possibly why it is a favorite of many and widely reviewed at online retailers like Walmart and Amazon. The test does equire about six total steps, but it's very straightforward and similar to many other at-home COVID tests. All it takes is a quick swab of both nostrils, a standard swab-dip in the solution, swirl a few times and then add three drops of the solution to the test card. The results are ready within 15 minutes and are clear-cut, with one or two red lines showing a positive or negative result.

This test is by far the most popular test ordered on Amazon, with more than 155,000 5-star reviews. One reviewer said, “This is the only test I trust and it is very easy to use. Just be sure to squeeze the sides of the tube to get as much of the sample out of the swab."

Pros
  • Straight-forward easy to follow instructions
  • Cult favorite
  • Next-day Amazon delivery in many areas
Cons
  • The testing solution is not always pre-mixed
  • Requires a few more steps than other tests on this list
$13 at Amazon
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$11 at Tanga$25 at Staples

What to consider when buying an at-home COVID test

Testing process

Each test is administered a little differently. For example, some require you to mix the solution yourself, keep the swab inserted for a set amount of time, or add a certain number of drops to a card reader. Then, there’s the process of getting your results. Most rapid antigen test results will be ready between 10 and 30 minutes. The interpretation is also different with each test – some have results that are clearer and easier to read, while others offer an app to help better understand your results. All these factors are worth considering.

Number of tests

A single-use package is probably sufficient if you’re looking for a quick way to test yourself for COVID before an upcoming event or while traveling and want to have a test on hand for emergencies. But for those needing more than one test, look for brands offering multiple tests in each kit.

Shelf life

The shelf life of home tests can range from 11 to 24 months. For some, a long-lasting test may be unnecessary, but depending on your needs, the shelf life should be an important factor when choosing a test you’re planning to keep on hand for emergencies. NOTE: The FDA has recently given several different brands extended expiration dates, so make sure to check the updated information.

Cost

Finally, consider how much each pack costs. Again, depending on how often you need to test, this factor might be more important to some.

Type of Test (PCR vs. Antigen)

Dr. Laura Purdy, a board-certified family physician, tells us that PCR tests are still the most reliable and accurate way to test for COVID. However, these tests must be sent to a lab for results, so they’re not very convenient or rapid and often very costly. Antigen tests, on the other hand, also offer nearly as accurate results within 10-30 minutes.

Collection method (Saliva vs. Nasal swab)

Most rapid tests are processed using a nasal swab, but a few use saliva instead. The P23 Lab test from MyLabBox, for example, is a PCR test that analyzes saliva samples, but it’s not exactly rapid or cost-effective. Although the samples are collected at home, the sample still must be mailed to a lab for processing, so results aren’t available immediately.

FDA Approval

All our experts stressed the importance of ensuring the test you take is FDA-approved. Of course, all the tests on our list are FDA-approved; however, if you are considering a test kit not on this list, the FDA maintains an updated list with all approved tests on this webpage.

When should you contact your doctor about COVID symptoms

COVID comes with a number of unpleasant symptoms, but certain symptoms require immediate medical attention, says Purdy. Symptoms to watch for include difficulty breathing, eating, drinking, staying awake, severe chest pain, confusion, or pale, blue, or gray skin, lips or nails.

According to Kang, those with certain underlying health conditions may want to contact a healthcare provider immediately, especially those with autoimmune disorders, heart disease and cancer.

How we researched and chose the best at-home COVID test

To find the best at-home COVID tests on the market today, we spoke with our panel of experts, including family doctors and infectious disease specialists, to better understand what to look for in a reliable and easy-to-use at-home COVID test. We then researched 42 different FDA-approved at-home COVID tests and compared each based on accuracy, ease of use and results speed. Other factors we considered included cost, shelf life, number of tests per pack and user reviews.

Frequently asked questions

Can rapid tests detect new variants?

Yes, most rapid tests can detect new variants of the virus. “However, there are no tests that tell you which variant you have,” Kang advises.

Are at-home COVID tests reliable?

While PCR tests are the gold standard in COVID detection, as previously mentioned, rapid tests do provide reliable results. “With at-home antigen tests, positive results are usually accurate. However, a negative result may be inaccurate,” says Kang. Since false negatives can happen if you test yourself too soon, it’s recommended that you take a second test 48 hours later to be safe.

Other factors that can cause a false negative include having a low viral load, using an expired test or simply doing it wrong. “At-home tests are dependent on the tester,” Dr. Purdy says. “It’s important to follow the instructions on the test kit to ensure the most accurate results.”

How often can you get COVID?

While it’s different for everyone, reinfections are not uncommon. “Once you’ve had COVID-19, the immune response from your infection can protect you against reinfection for a few months, but this protection decreases with time,” says Kang.

As for exactly how often you can be infected, that too depends. Most doctors and health agencies say there’s a 90-day protection window, meaning you’re unlikely to get COVID twice within a three-month period. However, Kang adds that this guideline only accounts for the existing variants. “As the virus mutates, new variants can evade your existing immunity, increasing your risk of reinfection,” she tells me. “So, reinfection within 90 days with two different variants is possible.”

How can I get a free COVID test?

If you live in the U.S., you can get four rapid COVID tests delivered for free through the COVIDTests.gov program. Each household is entitled to one order, which gives you four free at-home tests. Just visit https://www.COVID.gov/tests and follow the instructions.

Meet our experts

Minji Kang, an infectious disease specialist

Laura Purdy, board-certified Family Medicine Physician

Yvonne Covin, Internal medicine specialist and Primary Care Physician

Anthony Ognjan, Osteopathic physician specializing in infectious diseases